Determinants of Intention to Use E-Health Technology Systems in Malaysia

Abstract

This study investigates determinants of Malaysian patients’ intention to use e-health technology systems (EHTS), with Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM) as a representative application. Grounded in UTAUT2 and informed by contextual factors, we examine performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and health awareness as key predictors of intention to use. Trust is modeled as a mediator that channels the effects of these determinants toward intention. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey using closed-ended items was administered to patients with mild chronic conditions. Data analysis comprises reliability and validity checks, correlation, and multiple regression with a bootstrapped indirect-effects test for mediation. We expect performance expectancy and health awareness to show the strongest positive relationships with intention to use, while trust partially mediates the relationships between determinants and intention. The findings aim to guide healthcare providers and policymakers on usability, patient education, and infrastructure investments to accelerate meaningful EHTS uptake and reduce avoidable hospital utilization. The study contributes empirical evidence on patient-side adoption of IoT-enabled healthcare in Malaysia and offers a practical framework for scaling EHTS (e.g., RPM) across public and private settings.